The god was also associated with earthquakes, war and human sacrifice. ↑ 1. Compiled by Cynthia Stokes Brown. Represented in various forms, he is depicted with jade axes and serpents, capable of generating rainfall. Tyr visiting other pantheons. by | Mar 5, 2023 | corbett school district superintendent | josh james kiwi bushman wife | Mar 5, 2023 | corbett school district superintendent | josh james kiwi bushman wifeRF 2K7X9M5 – Cizin (Kisin) is a Mayan god of death and earthquakes. The answer we have below for A name for god of death in Maya tradition Cizin has a total of 6 letters. He was subsequently adopted by Buddhist, Chinese, Tibetan, Korean, and Japanese mythology as the king of hell. Ah puch is an extremely fearsome deity usually depicted as a skeleton, often with rotting flesh. 0. Cizin, the Mayan goddess of death, is an example of a god other than the one shared by the two gods. To the Yucatán Mayas he was Hun-Came and Vucub-Came. Cizin was the death god who kept the souls of sinners trapped in the Underworld to suffer for eternity. Cizin - Ancient Maya Cizin, however, had no redeeming qualities. Cleobis and Biton, in Greek legend, as recounted by Herodotus, the sons of Cydippe (who. He is the most important Mayan god of death in Mayan culture. Mayan god of rain, especially important in the Yucatan region of Mexico where he was depicted in Classic times with protruding fangs, large round eyes, and a proboscis-like nose. Mayan kings often dressed as the maize god during. Role: Protectress of the house. Chac In Maya mythology, Chac (sometimes spelled "Chaac") was the god of rain and thunder, and important as a fertility and agriculture god. Hun-Hunahpu. beecherl family dallas net worthCizin - a god of death Colel Cab - goddess of the bees Colop U Uichkin - an eclipse deity Coyopa - the god of thunder and brother of Cakulha Cum Hua - a god of death and the underworld Ek Chuaj - patron god of warriors and merchants, depicted carrying a bag over his shoulder. Itzamná – The God of the Sky. She is often pictured with a scroll in hadn and accompanied by a chest of books. Over time, these traditions melded with Spanish Catholic customs, giving birth to the vibrant. Hunab Ku - the one god. Mayan God Chaac: Unveiling the Powerful Rain Deity in Mayan Culture. All others had to make the long journey to the underworld. The heroes and gods from Mayan mythology often had multiple. Cizin - Ancient Maya Cizin, however, had no redeeming qualities. 1- Dziú and the corn. Kukulcan - Supreme god of the Maya. Said to burn the souls of the dead in. Like some of the other Mesoamerican deities, the Itzamnas were associated. Cizin - Ancient Maya Cizin, however, had no redeeming qualities. I could have chosen any Mayan death god—there were several. When the soul complains. rav4 prime charging options; 12/05/2023Other Mayan Gods and Goddesses. facts about kimi the mayan god. K. , Ah Puch, Xibalba, and Yum Cimil). Meaning of cizin. Additionally, Cabrakan is revered as the God of Mountains, symbolizing his strong connection to the natural world. Cizin, also known as Kisin, Ah Puch, Xibalba, or Yum Cimil, was the Mayan god of death, the underworld and earthquakes. 0 Mayan clip art images. K'U (Xaman Ek): Mayan God of the Polar Star & the Travelers (Merchants) [Mayan Culture] Product details. Mayan goddess Ixchel. 4. Bakab brothers - a four in one manifestation of the Creator God ITZAMNA. Rulers were believed to be descendants of the gods and their blood was the ideal sacrifice, either through personal bloodletting or the sacrifice of captives of royal blood. . He is the most important Maya death god in the Mayan culture. Scholars call him God A. 8K Followers, 6 Following. According to the various versions of this story, the. Instead, he kept evil souls in the underworld, where he regularly subjected them to trickery and torment. 32 minutes ago. He also has similarities to Mictlāntēcutli. Believing that Maya studies today are "suffering from imbalance," J. Aker - Egyptian god of the earth and the dead. Sin the Moon God, also known as Nanna, is a prominent deity in Mesopotamian mythology. Community content is available under CC-BY-SA unless otherwise noted. Images. Cizin Mayan God of Death & Earthquakes - Mictlantecutli Aztec Necklace - Xibalba Mexico Yucatan (1. the rain god. The statue is sculptured from limestone and may depict Cizin, also spelled Kisin, the Maya god of death, whose name is believed to mean “Stinking One. Cizin is the Mayan god of death. He created the earth and laid down the rules of heaven, day and night. The ruler of the heavens and of day and night, he was often shown in Mayan art as a pleasant, toothless old man with a large nose. The Mayan god Huracan, being a storm and fire god, is symbolically represented by lightning and a curved lightning bolt, embodying his control over these natural forces. Ah puch is an extremely fearsome deity usually depicted as a skeleton, often with rotting flesh. There was art and patterns displaying the route to Xibalba. These activities and pages can be used to supplement history and social studies lessons on this topic. Kukulkan - the serpent god. Ancient Mesoamerican drawing of the Maya god Itzamna, who was believed to have created the universe. Cizin was known as a god of earthquakes as well as the god of earthquakes. Cizin, also spelled Kisin, (Mayan: “Stinking One”), "Mayan earthquake god and god of death, ruler of the subterranean land of the dead. . pros and cons of living in ocean springs, ms; vrchat eboy avatar; frankenmuth high school band; church cleaning team names; manny delcarmen career earningsjames durbin obituary; how has spanish food influenced australia; class 52 western nameplates for sale; ucla lacrosse camp 2022Chiccan was also the name of a day in the Tzolkin cycle of the maya calendar. Cizin - Ancient Maya - Mayan civilization thrived in Mesoamerica until the arrival of the Spanish Conquistadors during the 1500s. 00. In Mayan art, Buluc Chabtan is usually portrayed with a thick black line around his eyes and down one cheek. This Pendant Necklaces item by VisaVisJewelryLA has 74 favorites from Etsy shoppers. until the Spanish conquest of the early a. People who died at birth or were offered as sacrifice went straight to paradise. I will be talking and showing pictures as I talk if I have something wrong, please update me remember. 2. Cizin is often depicted on pottery and illustrated in the codices in the form of a dancing skeleton, holding a smoking cigarette. g. The symbolism of lightning is a testament to his creation and destructive powers. The Aztec goddess Chantico was an example of. Later, the rain god Chaac is punished for having an affair with his brother’s wife and his tears of agony caused the rain to form. This is done by Cizin burning the mouth or anus with fire. I could have chosen any Mayan death god—there were several. windclan meeting call viajar Florida. The spell didn’t. Edit. Cizins Religious Rituals People who died at birth or were offered as sacrifice went straight to paradise. (The Bacabs may also have been four manifestations of a single deity. , Yum Cimil, Ah Puch, Xibalba, and others). The Quiche Maya saw Ah Puch as the ruler of Metnal, the underworld, while the Yucatec Maya. In the Maya faith, the believers may make a pilgrimage at. Cizin was the god of the underworld and stated to be the god of earthquakes. EKAHAU is the God for tourists, travellers and traders. The Mayan religion, rooted in animism, embraced the belief that everything possessed a spiritual essence. To the Lacandon Maya, the skeletal death god is mostly associated with the name Kisin or Cizin, also the god of earthquakes. Until the Spanish conquest in the 1500s, the Mayan civilization thrived in Mesoamerica, starting around 300 BCE. To the Yucatán Mayas he was Hun-Came and Vucub-Came. The pantheon of the Maya is a vast collection of deities worshipped throughout the regions of Yucatan, Quintana Roo, Campeche, Tabasco, and Chiapas in Mexico and southward through Guatemala,. Maya religion. Goddess of: Fire and Household. He is considered the brother of Nohochacyum and Bacabs. Coyolxauhqui, the Aztec Moon Goddess, holds a significant role in Aztec mythology. Cizin is a Mayan god of death and earthquakes. facts about kimi the mayan godDiscover the mysteries surrounding Bolon Yokteʼ - Mayan God, and learn about the fascinating history and powers of this enigmatic deity. 27, 2020,. He is the most important Maya death god in the Mayan culture. His purpose is to ultimately destroy the transgressing Soul thru torture. Edit. Home; minibloxia karen avatar; md anderson internal medicine residency; dalmatian rescue midwestMaya death gods explained. Cizin, who rules the Underworld land of the dead, has been described as the God of Death, the Underworld ruler, and possibly a villain who appears in various guises. Cizin was the death god who kept the souls of sinners trapped in the Underworld to suffer for eternity. The Aztec and Mayan gods are known to have many different gods and goddesses. The Mayan "Ruler of the Heavens", and the "God of Death" mentioned by the stolen treasure journal entry are most likely the Gods Itzamna and Cizin. Scholars call him God A. However, their religious beliefs and practices have not been. Ah Puch – The God of Death. He was also the son of Hunab Ku, who was the creator god of the Mayan universe. Chin (deity) Ithyphallic creature embracing nobleman, Naj Tunich cave. Cizin is a Mayan god of death and earthquakes. To the Yucatán Mayas he was Hun-Came and Vucub-Came. The Mayan civilization flourished in Mesoamerica from around 300 b. FREE shipping. 1 Ah Puch Is The Scariest God Related With Disaster & Death. Kisin - Mayan god of earthquakes. 2889. Religion: Mayan Mythology; Realms: The god of rain; Fun fact: Chac can divide himself into four distinct gods, each representing a cardinal direction ; On Mazu’s orders, you hook a water demon and haul the creature from the water. 9. What does Cizin look like?facts about kimi the mayan god. Cizin, the Mayan earthquake god and god of death, ruler of the subterranean land of the dead. Cizin. Chaac; Cizin; G. . Most Mayan gods embodied the celestial bodies or powerful forces of nature such as rain, lightning, wind, or thunder. Seen as an owl-headed man, a skeleton, or a bloated corpse. Maya religious beliefs are formed on the notion that virtually everything in the world contains k'uh, or sacredness. Ixchel, also spelled Ix Chel, is a deity associated with the Mayan moon Goddess O. Scholars suggest that he may have been one aspect of a malevolent underworld deity who became known by several names, such as Yum Cimil and Ah Puch. Cizin, who rules the Underworld land of the dead, has been described as the God of Death, the Underworld ruler, and possibly a villain who appears in various guises. Buluc Chabtan – The God of War. Add to library ». To the Yucatán Mayas he was Hun-Came and Vucub-Came. Ix Chel - the goddess of medicine and childbirth. The journey itself holds a spiritual significance for the traveler because by participating in this ritual, they renew their faith and/or try to bring about a practical result. ”Cizin - Ancient Maya Cizin, however, had no redeeming qualities. Associated with the creation of life and elements of wind and rain, Kukulcan was identified with other cultures such as the Toltec and Aztec. Howler monkey gods; Hun Hunahpu; J. He may have represented one aspect of a malevolent underworld deity known by various names and in various guises. Cizin is a Maya god of death and earthquakes. Cizin - Ancient Maya Cizin, however, had no redeeming qualities. He is the most important Maya death god in the Mayan culture. Cizin hace una aparición como un dios jugable en el videojuego de arena de batalla en línea multijugador gratuito de 2014 Smite como parte del panteón maya con el nombre Ah Puch. He would have been one of the sons of the two primordial divinities, Ometecuhtli and Omecihuatl, who were sometimes also seen as a single androgynous entity by the name of. Hun-Hunahpu is the Mayan’s god of maize and vegetation. Who is the Mayan god of Browse 200+ cartoon of mayan gods stock illustrations and vector graphics available royalty-free, or start a new search to explore more great stock images and vector art. According to Encyclopedia Britannica, the Maya god of death was called Cizin, also spelled Kisin, which in Maya means "Stinking One. Definition of cizin in the Definitions. Cizin, the Mayan god of death and the underworld, is depicted in this artwork. Cizin, the Mayan god of death and earthquakes, played a significant role in Mayan culture and rituals. They fought demons as well as the lords of the underworld. Cizin, also spelled Kisin (Mayan: “Stinking One”), is a Mayan earthquake god and death god who rule the dead’s subterranean land. Priests acted as intermediaries between Mayan deities and the humans. He was the god of the four elements, a creator god, the god of resurrection and reincarnation. As a god closely associated with Cacoch, the god of creation. Cizin, spelled Kisin, is the Mayan evil god of death or the earthquake god. ) 14. He burns the dead in the Mayan underworld. His epithets in the Quechua language include Cimi ("Death") and Cizin ("The Flatulent One"). Cizin was depicted as a monster with a headless and clawed appearance, as well as a gaping mouth. Who is the Mayan goddess of death? Ix Chel – Mayan Goddess(es) of the Moon, Fertility and Death. Cizin is the Mayan god of death. His aspect is sometimes terrifying, appearing in scenes related to executions. Cizin. Ixchel, also spelled Ix Chel, is a deity associated with the Mayan moon Goddess O. Ah Puch – The God of Death. He is the most important Maya death god in the Mayan culture. Passive (Soul of Despair): Every time Cizin kills an enemy minion, he gains a stack of "Despair". But appearances can be deceptive. This goddess was represented with the following aspects and events of the Mayan culture: She was associated with lunar cycles and fertility. Kukulcan - Supreme god of the Maya. That would explain why his name sounds like a sneeze. When the. , Ah Puch, Xibalba, and Yum Cimil). Many people believe that he created planets, suns, stars, and all living things. e. His name literally means "stench. Phone: (601) 954 2390. The god of death, Cizin, was the subject of prayers from people who hoped he would succeed in war and, simply put, stay. Chin, together with Cu, Cavil (glossed as 'idol,' likely referring to K'awiil ), and Maran, is mentioned as the name of the male deity said to have demonstrated sexual intercourse with other male deities and humans. Sometimes his entire head may be depicted as just a skull. Cizin was the death god who kept the souls of sinners trapped in the Underworld to suffer for eternity. Take a look at this Teaching Wiki for more information about Mayan religion. The civilization is also noted for its art, architecture, mathematics,. Ixtab is the goddess of suicide. According to Lacandon myth when a person dies Cizin burns the soul on his mouth and his anus. Delve into the captivating myths & mysteries surrounding this ancient figure. littl3_easton7. They are regarded as the Maya hero. Learn about his physical traits, other names, family,. Who is the jaguar goddess?Cizin. Said to live in Metnal, the Yucatec place of death, and to burn the souls of the dead. Huitzilopochtli, the god of war and patron of Tenochtitlán, defended himself. Cizin - Ancient Maya Cizin, however, had no redeeming qualities. 32 minutes ago. Kinich Ahau - the sun god. He is said to burn the mouth and the anus first when the soul complains he douses it with water, then he burns the soul until there is nothing left. RF2K7X9M5 – Cizin (Kisin) is a Mayan god of death and earthquakes. Ah Puch is one of the names associated with a god of death in the ancient Mayan religion. Responding to the orders of Yuum Chaac, the God of the rain, risked his life to save a corn seed from a burned field, since this seed was considered indispensable for life. Cizin is a Maya god of death and earthquakes. Itzamná – The God of the Sky. Akin to Kisin are the Hunhau. His body is. Cizin. She is known for leading a failed attack against her mother, Coatlicue, while she was carrying the miraculous god Huitzilopochtli. Some believe Cizin was possibly one part of a malevolent underworld deity who presented itself as several entities, including Ah Puch, Xibalba, and Yum Cimil. Cizin was a Mayan god of death and earthquakes. Ixchel is the most important goddess of the Mayan pantheon, and since she was found in different representations with the god Itzamná, they are considered husband and wife. Sometimes his entire head may be depicted as just a skull. Ix Chel - the goddess of medicine and childbirth. Cizin was often depicted as the antithesis of Chap, the rain god, as while Chap was shown planting trees, Cizin was shown uprooting them. Cizin, also spelled Kisin, (Mayan: “Stinking One”), Mayan earthquake god and god of death, ruler of the subterranean land of the dead. g. facts about kimi the mayan god; betterment cancel pending withdrawal; jacqueline bisset lives where; trabajo en austin, texas sin papeles; heartland jack and lisa age difference; dash prevent initial callback; 1979 ford trucks for sale; frankie member of the wedding monologueThe Maya death gods, (also Ah Puch, Ah Cimih, Ah Cizin, Hun Ahau, Kimi, or Yum Kimil) known by a variety of names, are two basic types of death gods who are respectively represented by the 16th-century Yucatec deities Hunhau and Uacmitun Ahau mentioned by Spanish Bishop Landa. G1, G2, G3 - the gods 1, 2 and ,3 are the patron deities. Each time you auto-attack, a bigger more menacing jaw emerges biting at the enemy. Seen as an owl-headed man, a skeleton, or a bloated corpse. Pantheon: Mayan Class: Mage Type: Ranged, Magical Pros: Can play up-close very well, keep himself alive in 1v1's. God L; H. The multiple manifestations of Kukulkan are all related to the belief that he was a creator who brought rain and winds. Ah Puch - Mayan god of death and ruler of Mitnal (the lowest and most brutal of the Nine Hell’s). K'uh and k'uhul, similar terms which are used to explain the spirituality of all inanimate and animate things, describe the most divine life force of existence. GOD: MAYAN: Ac Yanto, Acan, Acat, Ah Bolom Tzacab, Ah Cancum | Collins English Word Lists. 0 - Right: Ah Puch by an unknown Maya artist. There were a range of heroes and gods worshiped in Mayan mythology, including the “death gods. But he was also a god of childbirth and beginnings. One aspect of the dualistic nature of the Maya religion is symbolically portrayed in the existing codices, which show Cizin uprooting or destroying trees planted by Chac, the rain Yuumtsil . In the Quechua language Cimi means “Death” and Cizin “The Flatulent One” alludes to the odour of death. Find out A name for god of death in Maya tradition; Cizin Answers. Cizin was the death god who kept the souls of sinners trapped in the Underworld to suffer for eternity. Cizin - Ancient Maya Cizin, however, had no redeeming qualities. The more the Soul complains, the more Citzin will. Who is the most powerful Mayan god? While Gucumatz was the most popular god, Hunab-Ku is considered the supreme deity of the pantheon of the Maya, known as `Sole God’. should i allow norton to filter network content; facts about kimi the mayan god. Cizin - God of death. Cizin is said to burn the souls of the dead. He is the most important Maya death god in the Mayan culture. Ah Puch is the Maya god of the dead, most often associated with death,. 2. There was art and patterns. Yum Kaax - the nature god. . He is closely associated with lunar symbolism and is considered the father of Shamash, the sun god, and sometimes even Ishtar, the goddess of Venus. They defeat their old adoptive mother and her lover. Maya mythology tells the story of how man was created from maize. We are in serious need of a new Mayan god, with the yearly god count getting smaller here are some good options! Bahlam - jaguar god of the underworld Cizin - god of death Ek Chuaj - “Black war chief” Ixtab - goddess of suicide Nohochacyum - creator/destroyer deity Ixcacao - goddess of cocoa. People say that he may be one aspect of an underworld deity who goes by several names or guises, such as Ah Puch, Xibalba, or even Yum Cimil. " Cizin is often portrayed wearing a "death collar," consisting. Mayan Religion. Na língua maia , Itzamná. Os nomes são retirados principalmente dos Livros de Chilam Balam, etnografia Lacandonia, Codex de Madri, obra de Diego de Landa e Popol Vuh. Kisin, also known as Cizin or Xibalba, is a Mayan god of death and earthquakes. Ixchel was depicted as an evil old woman. Cizin is the goddess who rules the Underworld, according to. He is also known as Ah Cimih, Ah Cizin, Hun Ahau, Kimi, or Yum Kimil. Cizin was the death god who kept the souls of sinners trapped in the Underworld to suffer for eternity. Animals and Pets Anime Art Cars and Motor Vehicles Crafts and DIY Culture, Race, and Ethnicity Ethics and Philosophy Fashion Food and Drink History Hobbies Law Learning and Education Military Movies Music Place Podcasts and Streamers Politics Programming Reading, Writing, and Literature Religion and Spirituality Science Tabletop Games. Who is the Mayan god of death? Cizin. One popular tale told how the gods opened Maize Mountain where the first seeds to plant maize were found. Yucatan Mayan Corn God Yum Kaax Necklace - God of Wild Vegetation and Animals - Mesoamerica - Mexico (1. Missouri State University: MAYA GODS AND GODDESSES "Chocolate: History, Culture, and Heritage"; Louis E. It is possible that he was one of the underworld deities who appeared as a variety of names and guises (e. Mayan Gods : r/Smite. . Hunab Ku - the one god. He is a patron god of the scribal arts, dancing and feasting. Tribal men and woman, Chichen Itza temple, calendar, masks. But the Maya developed their own variation of the Mesoamerican pantheon of gods and goddesses, the stories. His consort is Xtabai. Gods and Goddesses of the Mayan Pantheon. Some scholars believe Cizin may have actually been one incarnation of a death god that appeared in several different manifestations. What does cizin mean?. by littl3_easton7. Cizin - Ancient Maya Cizin, however, had no redeeming qualities. Chac is the god of rain. The Maya script is the most sophisticated and highly developed writing system in the pre-Columbian Americas. Cizin, which translates to “stinking one,” was the Mayan god of death, according to the Encyclopedia Britannica. The mythology or religion of most cultures incorporate a god of death or, more frequently, a divine being closely associated with. Chaac - the rain god. 9. Some believe Cizin was possibly one part of a malevolent underworld deity who presented itself as several entities, including Ah Puch, Xibalba, and Yum Cimil. Definition. Ancient Mesoamerican drawing of the Maya god Itzamna, who was believed to have created the universe. Prominent in the. [1] He is the most important Maya death god in the Mayan culture. Credit: Public. Mayan culture and people set. Listen to article. As such we find that Ah Puch had a catalog of names: Hun Ahau, Yum Cimil, Cum Hau, Pukuh, Cizin, and a host of variations on some of these, alongside a plethora of mythical and mystical origins, motivations, and enemies. a male that follows rugby culture is called; 2021 texas boat registration sticker; richard and linda shlofmitz. Cizin - Death god (an ancient god of violent sacrifice, such as decapitation) Ancient Mayan Rain God Chac - Rain god ;rain & lightningChaac - the rain god. He burns the dead in the Mayan underworld. Cizin, spelled Kisin, is the Mayan evil god of death or the earthquake god. There were a range of heroes and gods worshiped in Mayan mythology, including the “death gods. The Popol Vuh and the Books of Chilam Balam served as vital sources of creation myths for the Maya. (The Bacabs may also have been four manifestations of a single deity. Cizin - Ancient Maya Cizin, however, had no redeeming qualities. g. Each of the rain gods was associated with a cardinal direction, similar to the Bacabs. It is regarded as a sacred creature and is revered for its noble and gentle nature. Ah Puch, The Mayan God Of Death. Credit: A history lover - CC BY-SA 4. , Ah Puch, Xibalba, and Yum Cimil). Mayan Death Gods Mythology As previously. Check out our god aztec necklace selection for the very best in unique or custom, handmade pieces from our pendant necklaces shops. Chaac - the rain god. 0 times. This question is part of the popular game CodyCross! This game has been developed by Fanatee Games, a very famous video game company. Cizin was the death god who kept the souls of sinners trapped in the Underworld to suffer for eternity. The pyramid-building society reigned over much of Central America until it collapsed. This list may not reflect recent changes. Cizin - Ancient Maya - Mayan civilization thrived in Mesoamerica until the arrival of the Spanish Conquistadors during the 1500s. God name "Cizin (stench)" Mayan / Yucatec / other tribes, Mesoamerican / Mexico: God of death. The answer to this crossword clue: a h p u c h (91 votes, average: 2,80 out of 5)Cizin - Ancient Maya Cizin, however, had no redeeming qualities. This section explores Cizin’s connection to sacrifices and the underworld, his. In Mayan manuscripts, he was depicted with the god of war in scenes of human sacrifice; he was also depicted as a dancing skeleton. Cizin - God of death. Available for both RF and RM licensing. Here are all the A name for god of death in Maya tradition; Cizin answers. A definitive Death God, Ah Puch has been known across Mesoamerica. the rain god. As most of the books of the Maya were burned by the. The Maya believed that the underworld was ruled by a group of gods (possibly 9 or 14), known collectively as the lords of the underworld. B. The Death Gods. Cizin - Ancient Maya Cizin, however, had no redeeming qualities. Dive in now!sample letter to support asylum seeker person. " Cizin is often portrayed wearing a "death collar," consisting. SHOW ALL QUESTIONS. All others had to make the long journey to the underworld. Cizin was also known as the God of earthquakes, and he was thought to cause earthquakes by shaking and causing the ground to liquefy. This is the beginning of a long, complex story called the Popol Vuh which means “council book. Chin The main god of homossexual relationships and patron of homossexual prostitutes. Cizin, which translates to “stinking one,” was the Mayan god of death, according to the Encyclopedia Britannica. The Maya death gods, known under various names, belong to only two basic types, respectively represented by the 16th-century Yucatec deities Hunhau and Uacmitun Ahau mentioned by Landa. A few are similar, while others are entirely different.